The Sun the Planets And the Stars by C. Jones Prepared by Kaushal Desai
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(Here, in this unit I have tried to give information according to the unit and some more knowledgeable facts of our universe. this is based on elements of truth and facts.)
The Sun the Planets And the Stars by C. Jones
Q-1
Describe each elements in detail about The Sun the Planets And the Stars.
In the universe there is all the way
we see a mysterious concepts. But here, C. Jones gives understanding about the
solar system on which our planet home means Earth and other planets, stars and
suns are moving. Our solar system consists of an average star we call
the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune, and Pluto. It includes: the satellites of the planets; numerous
comets, asteroids, and meteoroids; and the interplanetary medium. Let us
elaborate it one by one.
• Sun: The sun is 1,280,000 times larger than our home planet earth. Of course the sun is the reason for living things so lives are possible to live peacefully. It is a living source for all the planets. The more informative thing which the telescope shows us is that there are families of the suns, where two, three or more stars move round each other in space. One family is composed of three suns, the first of which is orange, the second green, and the third blue. It shows the jovial look of the entire universe. With a radius of 432,168.6 miles (695,508 kilometers), our sun is not an especially large star many are several times bigger but it is still far more massive than our home planet: 332,946 Earths match the mass of the sun. The sun's volume would need 1.3 million Earths to fill it.
The sun at the heart of
our solar system is a yellow dwarf star, a hot ball of glowing gases. The Sun is, at present, about 70% hydrogen and 28%
helium by mass everything else ("metals") amounts to less than 2%.
This changes slowly over time as the Sun converts hydrogen to helium in its
core. Eclipses of the Sun happen once or
twice a year. The Sun's magnetic field is
very strong and very complicated. Its magnetosphere
(also known as the heliosphere) extends
well beyond Pluto. In
other perspective about sun, The Sun is
personified in many mythologies: the Greeks called it Helios and the Romans called it Sol.
• Mercury: Mercury
is the nearest to the sun, and it is also the baby of the sun’s family of
worlds. Mercury is the nearest it is only 28,570,000 miles from the sun; yet 44
days later that distance increases to 43,347,000 miles. Because Mercury is so close to the sun, it is hard to
directly observe from Earth except during dawn or twilight. Mercury makes an
appearance indirectly-13 times each century, observers on Earth can watch
Mercury pass across the face of the sun, an event called a transit.
Instead of an atmosphere, Mercury possesses a thin exosphere made up of atoms blasted off the surface by the solar wind and striking micrometeoroids. Mercury is the second densest planet after Earth, with a large metallic core having a radius of about 2,000 km (1,240 miles), about 80 percent of the planet's radius.
• Venus: Venus is the second planet from the sun and our closest
planetary neighbor. The condition of Venus is likely to same as earth. Venus is almost as large as
the earth. It has a day of almost equal length and revolves round the sun at a
distance of 67,000,000 miles in 224 days. It has been found that Venus has a
very thick, cloudy atmosphere. Venus
is bright white because it is covered with clouds that reflect and scatter
sunlight. At the surface, the rocks are different shades of grey, like rocks on
Earth, but the thick atmosphere filters the sunlight so that everything would
look orange if you were standing on Venus.
• Earth: Planet
home is the third planet from the sun and the
fifth largest in the solar system. Just slightly larger than nearby Venus, Our
home planet is the only planet in our solar system known to harbor living
things. All that we know about relationship of earth and this solar
system which is working with it is the reason of living lives on the planet
earth.
With a range of 3,959 miles (6,371 kilometers),
Earth is the biggest of the terrestrial planets, and the fifth largest
planet overall. Like Mars and Venus, Earth has volcanoes, mountains
and valleys. Earth's lithosphere, which includes the crust and the upper
mantle, is divided into huge plates that are constantly moving. Near the surface, Earth has an atmosphere that
consists of 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and 1 percent other
gases such as argon, carbon dioxide and neon.
Earth’s Moon: The fifth largest moon in the solar system, Earth's moon is the only place beyond Earth where humans have set foot. The brightest and largest object in our night sky, the moon makes Earth a more livable planet by moderating our home planet's wobble on its axis, leading to a relatively stable climate. It also causes tides, creating a rhythm that has guided humans for thousands of years. The moon was likely formed after a Mars-sized body collided with Earth.
• Mars: Also known as comrade of earth. Is a red planet, the God of War. Mars is half the size of the earth. If an earth-man landed on Mars, his muscles would be able to do about three times the amount of work which they do in this word. Mars is a rocky body about half the size of Earth. As with the other terrestrial planets Mercury, Venus, and Earth volcanoes, impact craters, crustal movement, and atmospheric conditions such as dust storms have altered the surface of Mars.
Is there life on Mars? Mars was a likely place for advanced life forms, and
water might exist in the polar caps. The Martians would have perfected wireless and aero planes, and our wisest men
would be ignorant compared to their philosophers, if life on mars developed
along similar lines to life on earth. Mars has both air and water, but
so very little of earth that it must be a very dry, airless planet, the greater
part of which consists of huge, sandy deserts like the Sahara. Neither Mercury
nor Venus has moons, but Mars has two moons, one of which revolves round the
planet three in the Martian day of 241/2 hours.
Asteroids: Asteroids, sometimes called minor planets, are rocky
remnants left over from the early formation of our solar system about 4.6
billion years ago. Most of this
ancient space rubble can be found orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter within the main asteroid belt. Asteroids range in size from
Vesta - the largest at about 329 miles (530 kilometers) in diameter - to bodies
that are less than 33 feet (10 meters) across.
•
Jupiter: Jupiter is a giant in our family of
worlds, Jupiter is 88,000 miles in diameter, eleven times larger than the
earth, and revolve round the sun at the distance of 483,000,000 miles. The atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and
helium, and its iconic Great Red Spot is a giant storm bigger than Earth that
has raged for hundreds of years. Jupiter has
as many as eight moons. (C.
Jones’s The Sun the Planets and the Stars). Scientists are most
interested in the "Galilean satellites" the four largest moons
discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610: Europa, Callisto, Ganymede and Io.
Jupiter also has three rings, but they are very hard to see and not nearly as
intricate as Saturn's. Jupiter is named for the king of ancient Roman
gods.
• Saturn: Saturn’s beauty calls the way of beautiful universe. And
also Saturn’s chief attractions are its rings. These rings are bright
belts surrounding the planet at a height of about 12,000 miles above its
equator. Saturn is a huge mass of gases and metallic vapors.
It revolves through space in perpetual twilight. It has rings. They are
considered belts. They are composed of countless meteorites. It looks like a
halo to Saturn. Saturn has ten moons (C. Jones’s The Sun the Planets and the Stars).
Rings of Saturn made of chunks of
ice and rock -- but none are as spectacular or as complicated as Saturn's. Like
fellow gas giant Jupiter, Saturn is a massive ball of mostly hydrogen and
helium.
Saturn is blanketed with clouds, stripes and
storms. Overall the planet is tan and light brown in color, due to a mixture of
yellow ammonia crystals in the upper atmosphere. Saturn's rings are believed to be pieces
of comets, asteroids or shattered moons that broke up before they reached the
planet, torn apart by Saturn's powerful gravity.
(C. Jones just mentioned these planets only in his writings but I have tried to put all the planets of our solar family)
•
Uranus: The seventh planet from the sun with the third largest diameter in our
solar system, Uranus is very cold and windy. The ice giant is surrounded by 13
faint rings and 27 small moons as it rotates at a nearly 90-degree angle from
the plane of its orbit. This unique tilt makes Uranus appear to spin on its
side, orbiting the sun like a rolling ball.
With a radius of 15,759.2 miles (25,362
kilometers), Uranus is 4 times wider than Earth. If Earth was the size of a
nickel, Uranus would be about as big as a softball.
•
Neptune: The ice giant Neptune
was the first planet located through mathematical predictions rather than
through regular observations of the sky. Nearly 4.5 billion kilometers (2.8
billion miles) from the Sun, Neptune orbits the Sun once every 165 years. It is
invisible to the naked eye because of its extreme distance from Earth. Neptune
has 13 known moons, six of which were discovered by Voyager 2. A 14th tiny,
very dim, moon was discovered in 2013 and awaits official recognition. Triton,
Neptune's largest moon, orbits the planet in the opposite direction compared
with the rest of the moons, suggesting that it may have been captured by
Neptune in the distant past.
• Pluto: Known as dwarf
planet. The dry lonely planet is Pluto. Pluto is the most famous dwarf planet. Discovered in 1930, it was
long classified as our solar system's ninth planet. Pluto and its busy system
of moons orbit the sun in the Kuiper belt, a region of icy debris beyond
Neptune.
♀ Conclusion:
As the mystery still alive with known and unknown aspects
of our solar system and the whole universe stand the sight. It has many suns,
stars and moons and maybe like planets like ours.
Here, C. Jones unveils the solar system and about all the
elements mentioned above. Through today’s technology prevails the best side to
observe and know the latest facts about our universe.
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